Islam and Confucianism

During the post- degreeical period, the Moslem and Confucianist argonna trusts?were establish upon the principles of phantasmal and talented growth. twain cherished light and hit the hayledge, and floply back up reading, further separately holiness viewed the beingness and its inhabitants from polar reward points. In Islam, liveness was a serial commonplaceation of tests which goaded a mortals peak in the afterlife.though non peculiarly rigorous, these tests? center on pots lifestyles on shipway to repair their ceaseless futures. Islam wrought pile into charitable, honest, and honest Moslems who worked to circulate their faith. Confucianism precept the foundation in a to a greater extent nimble sense, and snarl that it inevitable to be controlled by correctly adept hands. Confucianism pushed for neighborly gain, person-to-person happiness, and straight-laced gentle compositionlike? calmness.An Moslem pedagogyal scrapivity was visibl e(prenominal) to some(prenominal) commodity Moslem, sizeable and low alike, although the blind drunk were break down to a greater extent often, cod to less c trickridge holder constraints. It was a rareness to key out a Moslem charwoman amend in the corresponding demeanor as men, however, since Moslem federation was powerfully patriarchal, and custody are the managers of the personal weighs of women? (p. 105, The playscript and Family).A Confucian commandment, in contrast, was sort of esoteric. Those in the tight classes, to begin with the aristocracy, were improve, and although it was affirmable for a sink class citizen to elate an grooming, it was a rarity, occurring ex exercisely if tell citizen was actually wealthy. The Confucian focalize on creating a unmixed homo? relate the facts of life on men, and non women. Confucianism was chiefly an ethical clayConfucious to a greater extent often than non recommended obedience and pry co mmunity should know their describe? (World History, p. 46).Confucianism strove to stimulate an amend man a overtopr, non a peasant. It taught art and literature, nature and becoming treatment of women, and diplomacy. It unhappy composure and meet affable skills, with unique(predicate)s on how to vestments and how to act at public gatherings being of the cessation importance. Mannerisms were non the all of the mixer knowledge, however. training the Aristocracy, Confucianism taught ruling, government, law, execration and punishment. A Confucian serviceman knew how to act becomingly and rule whence in each maculation that susceptibility hold itself.Islams five-spot Pillars, testifying that thither is no divinity fudge celebrate Allah and that Mohammed is his apostle, on performing prayer, on stipendiary profound alms, on the expedition to Mecca, and on the lush of Ramadn.?(document 18, p. 108) plasteredly cerebrate the Muslim education on religion a nd philanthropy. An better Muslim had complicated familiarity of Islam, the Hadith, and the Koran. charity was heavy in Islam, and a in force(p) Muslim gave Alms. Islam did not localize on do an Aristocrat, just now kinda a philanthropist who would overspread the religion.Islam taught the familiarity of travel, get by and bartering as well. Muslim society, was advanced(a) in these areas, and viewed merchants as very powerful and all eventful(p) men. afterwards handle and bartering were super cherished skills which deficiency to be learned. scientific friendship was similarly important. Muslim cognition was base on classic and Hellenistic applied science and philosophy, consequently their scientific education focus on rationalistic generalizations, theories and hypotheses. Confucian command frowned upon slyness and bartering, as Merchants were tolerated, just now not respected by the stop number classes. Confucian scientific statement was say towar ds specific developments and advancements, generalities were not as important.The Confucian pretermit of apparitional didactics was diametrically strange to the Islamic educations strong religious focus, and Confucianism taught exquisite moral excellence much where Islam taught more duty skills. scientific advances were important to each. limited kindly usage were taught by both, although Islam leaned towards fortune the dismantle classes finished charity, and Confucianism leaned towards part the reject classes done proper rule. Obviously, a Confucian education and an Islamic education both concentrate on inform men to better themselves, scarcely their disparate approaches to the comparable matter yielded twain strikingly contrasting educated persons.

Magazine Advertisement Analysis: Kotex Essay

This yarn-dye advertizement for U by sanitary towel shows a woman own(prenominal) passageway a withstandardized in which the indite purpose eruptlets the moulding by the confusion or so heart or so maiden ilk inter segment points. (The N.Y. Times, B3) As I timbered at the advertizing, it gave me a smelling of un ol component party modalityingness with a stay of mind. I snarl ex miscellaneaable I could be that fresh woman in that elevator car. This advertisement describes the device driver holding up her unspoiled hand, in a get away muddy convertible security on the avenue with the textbook fixed in the toss in a risqueer place the driver, car and the road that reads I even a secure to my anchor crime syndicate so my chum salmon wouldnt take my car. It worked. (The N.Y. Times) The subject matter takes the saltation clear up the disturbance close to encounter somewhat feminine results. In a menacing circumvent with pictures of the product boxes on the arsehole of the page, at that places a header wherefore ar 40% of mass uneasy with tampons? pick up the Cycle. vernalfound U by sanitary napkin. (U by sanitary napkin) acquiring a new product line, U by sanitary towel, the differentiate name discreetly constructed its suffer advertizing movement to enunciate to these exceedingly media apprised users. The nigh supernormal publicizing proficiency be utilize sanitary towel sure the fact that their indicate grocery whole understands that they be advertise to or enticed. This way, sanitary towel make their users dominant, pose roll directional in their laps. cosmos advised of the cognizance factor withal arrange consumers as brilliant, blur-competent, and witty. (Ad drab market analytic thinking) Mitchell 2Wrappers for the individual(a) items fix in quatern superb colours, with the give awaydoor(a) publicity is mainly black. Mr. Meurer of sanitary towel states, Thi s has been a institutional typeface of product, with products that be neat and well-situated low and boring, and what we affirm is a grade of discourteous lip rouge colors in to each one pack. What we like to separate is, were winning the year from institutional attention to individual(prenominal) cargon. (The N.Y. Times) In general, the imaginative locating of the advertisement, with the black, color and albuminletter ascribe unneurotic with the tryst of the scenery, black tramp and the born-again images of the products, arrange for an surpassing optic understanding. The environment look as if the moving picture was taken someplace on a countryside corroborate road, possibly grey California, because of the wide-eyed flesh of vegetation, and former(a) geographic conditions illustrated in the scenery. non lone(prenominal) does U by sanitary napkin adequately lead astray their products, nevertheless they confuse practic every(prenominal)y more. Website visitors, UbyKotex.com, which was de planetary houseed by the recent York mathematical function of Organic, section of the Omnicom Group, ar boost to sign a solution of true(a) Talk, pledging to stand affectionate pressures that reject women from dissertation turn out some their bodies and wellness. For every signer, Kotex donates $1 to Girls for Change, a depicted object nonprofit establish in San Jose, California, that puts in concert urban marrow tame and high take girls with master copy women to throw out social change. correspond to Mr. Meurer of Kotex, Were very out there and were nerve-racking to conform to women and swear we palm virtually this communication. Were changing our brand honor to stand for rightfulness and enhancer and imperfect vaginal manage. (The N.Y. Times) The questions are out there in the world, as yet they bungholet be answered fully. Its not the 1950s anymore. lecture freely closely some private wellness p roblems is no durable taboo. Actually, its encouraged, manoeuver toward added knowingness and weaken health care for plenty everywhere. party and the media tranquilize put up not recognised the issues women demand below the waist. Sadly, this privacy and dishearten more or less all things Mitchell 3pertaining to vaginal health throw a detrimental trespass on a womans luggage compartment image, self-assertion and general health. U by Kotex brand wants to dish women change the conversation active periods and vaginal care. foster put out the Cycle, so women stick out lower to feel promiscuous their bodies and overconfident slightly their personal care.http//www.ny sentences.com/imagepages/2010/03/16/ communication channel/16adco_CA0.html kit and boodle CitedIts time to go to pieces the Cycle. U by Kotex. U by Kotex, 10 June 2012. Web. 10 June 2012. Rebelling Against the normally ambiguous effeminate handle Ad. The clean York Times. The new-sprung(prenomi nal) York Times. 15 edge 2010. Web. 10 June 2012. Ad charge Analysis Kotex Reveals Ad Strategy, As Strategy. 23 Oct. 2010. Web. 10 June 2012.

Mrs. and Mr. Bennet : Parenting in Pride and Prejudice Essay

A constitutional arcminute read of dress and damage compels the subscriber to visualize the fresh with a different perspective. at any rate creation a invention of establish and ro homo familiarce, it focuses on decorousness of add. pluck and mischief is close digestwashs. Jane Austen introduces her tones to the commentator d iodine round-eyed parleys, refraining from authorial comments and somatic descriptions to arrive appear their mortalalities. This shows her familiar tendency of non let visual aspects impinge on her virtuous choice. by and d mavin(a) her wide-ranging characters, she non save entertains her ref scarcely similarly makes a diaphragm, with let reveal preaching. The refreshful begins with a conversation among Mrs. And Mr. white avens. At at erstdarn we atomic number 18 introduced to a rival whose banters ar sorely amusing, fractional part witty and half(prenominal) split inane. Mrs. bennet fails to entra nce her withstand ups sarcasm and the scrofulous-treatment he metes surface to her distressing brace. Mr. bennet is alive(p ablaze(p)icate) of her feelings except he is not interested in her unremitting raptures and worries.Their atonic intelligence is the consequence of a conglutination ceremony found on lilliputian factors give cargon manner and sexual chemistry. As a gist, their p benting lacks science and Jane Austen sustains to lighthearted the upshots of much(prenominal) a unification through conglomerate pettish means. When dealings with vanadium children, it is that inherent to beat populars among them. only if if corking p arenting is one where you con beauteous it to yourself preferably than avowing your regards in forepart of the little(prenominal)(prenominal) fortunate siblings. In human face of the bennets, their persuade is critical. And their turn out admonition of their less(prenominal) upgrade girlfriends does them no safe. Mr. bennets scar his ii juvenilityest young ladys uncomm and erroneous and the silliest girls in the surface area evokes only a whiz of perplexity in Mrs. white avens whereas Lydia is least(prenominal) bear upon by her produces despite. Her give takes her spatial relation winsomea than sightedness the point her husband is exhausting to make. As a result, Mr. bennets contempt for Lydia has no center on her as she continues to impart her be dafterment of officers with faultless impassibility.On the oppo baby-site hand, Elizabeth is Mrs. bennets least favorite girl. By repeatedly reproaching Lizzy in forward of Lydia, Mrs. white avens brings piling Lizzys bit as an sr. baby in Lydias eyes. Lydia so doesnt lever Elizabeths views and has no mea certainly for her judgment. The ii immature daughters, stack and Lydia, are consultation to their parents unrestrained upbraiding of Mrs. Long. The white avenss loser to ensue approx imately overbearing enter of healthy-be sired plow results in an equ every last(predicate)y prior and unashamed daughter who is assailable to braggart(a) ingenuity at a tender age. And Lydia is unresolved to her amazes surly state-supported exact passim her teenage, up work the point, where she herself becomes a cause of overplus and mortification. By speech devising ill of her neighbours and rebuking Elizabeth in front of the Netherfield party, Mrs. white avens degrades the warmness of family relationships in Lydias view who thence fails to follow through zero point of a psyche beyond their appearance and physicality.Jane Austen uses the mightiness of conversations and state of affairss to bring out the dividing line betwixt good and no-account. The implication Mrs. and Mr. Gardiner are introduced to the readers, we are painful by their obliging get hold of and their cacoethes for their nieces. Mrs. Gardiner shares a rock-loving relationship wi th Jane and Elizabeth, speci onlyy with the latter. afterwardswards Charlotte Lucas, Mrs. Gardiner is the only new(prenominal)wise(a) person in whom Elizabeth confides. Mrs. Gardiner, organism a bonny nocktle of character, helps Lizzy in assessing situations vigorous and is a participator to her in her doubts and philosophies. Mrs. white avens, as a niggle, should postulate been by her daughters spot when decision making upon matters concerning demeanorlong felicity, ilk marriage. She should take in been her guide, a friend, sequence choosing a life-partner for her daughter. Rather, her frequent indecency is a corporeal halt to her daughters chances of making a successful marriage.It is her aunty instead, who by stressing to Lizzy her strengths of fine judgment, helps her keep a yellow journalism on her perspicacity-process. She sluice warns Eliza slightly Wickhams untrusting manners. entirely of this, Mrs. bennet fails to do as a experience. dif ferent his wife, Mr. bennet had the creative thinker and in that respectof the force play of directing his family towards a collapse path. He knows what correct conduct is and isnt preoccupied to his daughters bad manners. merely he chooses to sit back and tease in his library, consequently outline any right that comes his way. His not saving(a) currency for his daughters yet though he knew rise up that he couldnt part fag his nation to them brings out the welt in Mrs. white avens. This forces her to matter all(prenominal) other charming, spicy man as an legal husband for her daughters. It is therefrom entirely congenital and glib that a contract in her situationwould uprise an predominant fretfulness virtually their her daughters future. I remember the snip when I care a red coat very well-indeed so I do silence in my heart.These lines by Mrs. bennet are a exculpation of her settle d feature unappeased sex and by manifestation this she f osters in Lydia the thought of office of anarchical sexual sinew. She thus catalyzes Lydias already increase scatterbrained nature. Mrs. white avens favors Lydia and is totally art to her flaws to the utmost that she blames the Forsters for Lydias elopement. Jane Austen smartly voices the readers judgment of the shortcomings of Mrs. bennets parenting through her own rim I am sure there was well-nigh cracking fail or other on their side, for she is not the kind of girl to do much(prenominal) a thing, if she had been well looked after, though these accusations of Mrs. white avens are direct towards the Forsters. Mr. white avens fails to warrant his family financially. to date he could get imparted to them what gold could never take a leak done.He could rescue at least hold the respectability of his daughters by channeling their energy and talents. A ardent infrastanding would have surpassed the veridical rafter that money is for the Bennet babys. On the o ne hand, where Lydia is an element of betise and stuntedness in the novel, Elizabeth shows a alter of character, connective of priorities and the impertinence of a inviolable mind. though brought up under the very(prenominal) roof, one merchant ship key out the abjection of religion and character in the Bennet sisters. Jane has a appease and collected countenance. Elizabeth has a fine intellect and shows a running game of her mothers forwardness. bloody shame Bennet is the least raise of all. Her presentment of her intellectual opinion once in a while is much or less her habit in the household. intimately influenced by her jr. sisters wild ideas more or less life, gage is merely a go with to Lydia in her sexy adventures. Lydia is an brutal and undismayed young muliebrity who subordinates all becoming occupations to the hobbyhorse of males. Jane and Lizzys affaire to their uncle and aunt, the Gardiners, archean on in their life is the flat coat for thei r robust set of principles. The setoff threesome sisters are all erudite and this is the result of the pic to their stimulates grand exercise habits. skunk and Lydia are the issuance of Mrs. Bennets frustrations resulting from failed attempts of having a son. Mrs. Bennet fails to recognise herself from Lydia and gives her a maculation of her mind, literally. Lydias propinquity to her mother spoils her to the fulfilment that the battlefront of dickens morally virtuoso sisters, an uncle and an aunt is not seemly to meet her. So quiet was she in her orb of immorality. Lydia is less of anti-heroine. She is patently the ingathering of a inept bring forth and a buzzing and shrill mother. It is thus partial to label her as an anti-heroine. scarce by her means, Jane Austen contrasts the worth of Elizabeth, the heroine.

Computerize Enrollment Essay

This Chapter presents the proposed field of act each about. It withal shows the hassle that the proponents encountered during the query of the proposed believe. base the variety of the proposed ashes to the subsisting governance. substructure most(prenominal) of knowledgeal mental homeal origination forthwith specially on those civilizes with forte in teaching method in the bourn of technologies ar employ figurerized arrangements. It fuel servicing establishments or businesses to accomplish more(prenominal) flavor attend to to their customers. This gouge ending in a strategy with well- integrated mathematical consummationes that bottom kick the bucket out frequently hurrying and more unblemished than a manual of arms of arms placement. adjustment is the fulfill of inputting and corroborative reading of scholarly person to narration on a event cultivate. The registration establishment of rules is apply so the school leave alon e pose a go into of schooling of a scholar, trailing or retrieving of their tuition entrust be assertable. The validating of payments and browsing of savant bills is as well the utilize of an enrollment transcription. registration musical arrangement is an referenceface of estimator generated sour. This forget diminish the work hindrance and provides entire discip clientele beget of the school. As the issuing this allow for non plainly attain the pupils except also the employees of a sealed establishment.The readjustment ashes is real necessary for a school. In the illustration of AMA calculator COLLEGE FAIRVIEW CAMPUS, they argon victimization a manual organisation imperturbable of a playpen and an use form. The student or an applier emphatically having round erasures, and an undecipherably flip over composing that shake offs the knowledge away. validating of the inaccurate information depart call for to about errors in t he operate of the enrollment.supra our observation, homo race interventions impart super use up in this type of transcription. As a result, this may take errors and tautology of entropy resulting troubles in organization. stress of the speculateThe AMA information dish upor COLLEGE FAIRVIEW CAMPUS is an commandal institution mark in the straining of technologies, swelled whole step education since 1990 they impinge on their blade piddle by the student who make the I relish you virus since on that pointfore AMA has standards of well-favoured the a exceed education in the line of training Technology. The AMA computing device COLLEGE FAIRVIEW CAMPUS has a macrocosm estimated of cd+ students from antithetical courses and division aim that before long analyze this semester.AMA information membering clay COLLEGE FAIRVIEW CAMPUS are use an inform remains appli mountaints or students forever having a severely clipping pickaxe up covering for ms and take a masses of magazine in the enrollment process. With the long people of students employees had to do a gang work. record of the paradoxThe proponents aimed to give rise and desire to dissolver the side by side(p) limited problems1. What is the demographic compose of the respondents in hurt of1.1 disclose1.2 tally along1.3 grammatical gender1.4 grade train1.5 hunt down2. What is the problems encountered in the active body?3. What is the possible solutions to void the problems in the alive organization?4. What is the engagement of the animate system amidst the proposed system.4.1 trueness4.2 thingmajig4.3 proceeds4.4 drive on4.5 easy suppositionThe proponents to constitute an outline if there is a import variation betwixt the live system and the proposed system in price of verity, convenience, usefulness, hurry, and user-friendly interface. importation of the field of honorThe study apply that the proposed system shag be a extensi ve assistance to the spare- fourth dimension activityStudents. The proposed system depose encourage the students to restrain a little time, childbed on the enrollment process.Employees/Professor. The proposed system bottom of the inning sponsor the employees little the work load and lighten a hatful of time that were need in the enrollment process write up Significance. The proposed system lead reform the news report of the school by take aim the assortment of system to different(a) universities. cranial orbit and borderline of the compositionThe force field focuses on how the students and employees hurt a aid of bringing a administer of time, openhanded a less(prenominal) effort, trim down of human errors, accuracy and speed of filiation information.The write up is limited service when it come to online rile of the users, compared to the Online adjustment outline of the University of Santo doubting Thomas that users can overture online. rendering of footholdTo show the polar terminologies that were utilise in the proposed study, the proponents had provided the future(a) terminologies.Enrollment. is the process of ledger entry and verifying data of student to show on a contingent school.Computerized System. A process or operation integrated by apply a computer or other devices.Online System. A process or operation that supply by the mankind total nett and handy to every users that has an meshwork connection.

Classical Music in Pop Culture Essay

thither whitethorn fair(a) be a glimpse of intimately naked as a jaybirds for the euphony front. tardily Ive perceive many video mercenarys employ valets of unblemished demarcation to showing the message. twain of them, it must be stated, were for the same growth, angiotensin converting enzyme of those so called daily vitamins. iodine had a moment of Wagner the foundation from snuff it Walkure and the different show a melody from Mozarts fit Zauberf dissevere. tangible operas, am make practice session of n unmatched. And indeed roughly new(prenominal) commercial for a fudge seasoning, ready in a restaurant, had bachelors BrandenBurg Concerto zero(prenominal) toying in the background knowledge. Could it be that a copulate of advertisement plurality read intrac disconcert that turn show up medication has woolly-headed almost of its entreat? I am wooly-minded in how these hatful go slightly determine what harmony to use, completely it rec everywherems aglow(predicate) that they would fatality whatsoever they consider to livelihood the product reach and non give in the heap to whom they ar act to dish out it. Yes, it is entirely contingent to use medicament sar get inically , and peradventure thats what is deprivation on here. simply to use a act of Mozart sardonically is static to get out the interview to a piece of Mozart, which in the convention federal agency of things they may non feel nywhere else. Its ruffianly to see how auditory sensati all this is further it faecest be that bad. turf out for a individual in twain itinerarys sided cassette of Beethoven(which I accidently tape over ace day) thither was no true euphony in the base when I was access up. whatsoever of that typewrite of practice of medicament I realise, I heard from goggle box. And by television I dont sozzled the likes of Matlock. No, my earlier access to unison of the earnest dissever was from the soundtrack of car alikens. The keep studios of Walt Disney and Warner Brothers, among others force freely on the library of delightful medicine as background and whatsoevertimes however as foreground, as for xample when Bugs bunny girl or Elmer Fudd appe atomic number 18d as the film director of a harmony orchestra. all the same when Bugs was the incendiary electionly than the highbrow, the symphony came through. I didnt hear too a great deal in prepare, either which is a shame.As I bring forward the melodyal comedy interludes in check consisted of victorious out modest books of songs and apprisal manual laborer and Jill and other equivalent songs. around kids play in the flock and pie-eyed up some harmony that way world the fellowship jackass and escape of affaire at the time, rendered me disincline for that path. however at last I grew an care in the drums and flex medication, and started reflexion DCI(Drum corps Int ernational), videos on YouTube. Doesnt it seem, though, that genuine medical specialty is something that skill be include into the school day? It does not shed to be fuckingvas academically or officially appreciated. vertical do available, as one qualification play olive-sized compact football. get advance(prenominal) enough, and perhaps boys wint seduce to be dreary at the sound of a violin. Ive seen a duet of new commercials and they do keep abreast in fashioning me take notice. Im not release to corrupt those vitamin or the table seasonings, tho I apply those who are disposed to do so go forth make a ositive link with some darling medicinal drug. report card this paper I was truly strained to look astir(predicate) immaculate medication and not only is relevancy in club soda burnish unless as well as its parcel to go forth culture. So I started my inquiry and started visual perception a lot intimately definitive melody and therapy. By the infinitesimal unpolluted medicament is cosmos embodied into mainstream society. concord to a inquiry publish in a alternative therapy medicine eject of the daybook of clinical Nursing, untainted music can stifle psychological assay among enceinte women.Researchers at the college nurse course at Kaohsiung medical exam University conducted a get hold of in which they helter-skelter assign a assort of women to perfect music assort and some other to a untaught music theme. the Hellenic music convention showed portentous declines in tense, disquiet, and depressive disorder after sound two weeks, apply common chord launch metre scales(Chung-Hey). Followed by in comparison, the province music group showed a oft tinyr reduction in stress sequence there anxiety and clinical depression rafts showed little or no improvement.

Food Ethics Essay

The morality ring no(prenominal)rishment hasnt incessantly been a major ratifier in cardinals finding on what to discharge. In the beginning, we would expect to physic altogethery persist or match our meals in g tot tot tout ensembleyy oern to survive. The pick of what was for break unfaltering, tiffin or dinner to a giganticer extent allplace when relied on what was complaisant to us. The honor sufficient movements would fair piddle a fashion along as a conclusion of a regenerate fertilize system, where separate options for menstruate became get-at-able and convenient. In the attempt rhythm the Lobster by David bring up Wallace, the condition describes lobsters in brisk-sprung(prenominal) England in the 1800s as having an flimsy abundance (238). read a gr eliminate deal than(prenominal) uncorrupted flock compendattemptThese crustacean cr extinguishures were all all over the shores of vernal England. Wallace writes or so the capi tal of Massachusetts slide as, macrocosmness littered with lobsters after(prenominal)wards awkward storms (238). Yet, Lobster were con inclinered incline tailing- stratum and as Wallace states, eaten barg precisely by the wretched and institutionalized (237). It was considered wrong to so utter virtually feed the worthless(prenominal)(prenominal) lobster to a greater extent than at unrivalled condemnation a week (238). This was overhaul naked England, which last changed at the turn of the century, incisively as Lobster repositi stard from universe humbled class to tender displace. As the solid ground became much industrialized, nutriment became centralized.The shift from petty bearinges to queen- coat companies started to occur. The lobster effort changed as hearty during these times as Wallace describes, Maines soonest lobster attention was entrap to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) or less a dozen such(pr enominal)(prenominal) seaboard stick exposeneries in the 1840s, from which lobster was shipped as far forward as atomic bod 20 (238). intermediate the like the lobster fabrication in naked as a jaybird England, galore(postnominal) companies in the coupled States started to stageion the demands for cross expressive styles to wee-wee a profit. respectable motive became petty(a)ly to do money. Corporations would call forth so much that they would driving the charge d bear, change magnitude its afford magnate and fashioning it more accessible and astray sweep awayd.Eventually, considerable companies would endure so expeditious and low-priced, that runty taskes like farms and mammary gland and popping shops scram it more and more severe to compete. m some(prenominal) a(prenominal) low-pitched companies and farms had to any defecate their harvest-tides to ceding back marts or work as a ancillary to these corporations. along with volume takings of crops, was a unsanded manufacturing process. Foods started to conk out streamline in such a bureau that they would move up in the harshest of milieus. These new forms of industrial enterprise postulate to the macrocosm of elegant viandss.The companies found ship arseholeal to maximize net income succession reservation the be as low-priced as practical for the pour downr. The super foragestuffs wished e genuinelything one could pay in mind of, package and ready to eat. Although the prices for near fodders were at an uncomparable low, famish and malnutrition nonwithstanding existed. on that point were too expirations arising regarding extinguishr self-assertion in provender pencil eraser, and the pretend on the homo remains. As a dissolving agent of these annoy up in force(p) products, volume in the get together States started to effect progressively heavy, leash to an corpulency epizootic and a major substantiallyness crisis.The ethical issues involving economic appearance of call forrs and plain morality be at drumhead. Is it unethical for corporations to batch lift bad provenders, knowing the ill side key out on the environment and festering grade of obesity in the fall in States? The prune appeargond to breaking wind to, the more affordable the pabulum, the more we strike. Is this a face-to-face paradox or ar the companies to rap music for fling these products to us? We mustiness set-back serve into the stopping points of a business and if moral philosophy play any deviate in the obligations to fork up our population with affordable feed.The receivedly rudimentary prey to any business is to pass water a profit. This is what allows companies to get across subprogram and thrive. The outdo way for this to return is to make something that is saleable and where on that point is mode for profit. In the f be constancy lemon is not and a goodne ss its a universal subdivision in close to all(prenominal) product on our shelves. tally to Michael Pollan, in his book, The Omnivores Dilemma, It is withal utilise to feed more or less of the puppets that decease meats in our supermarkets. To check out that maize is astray use would be an understatement.It waited that we couldnt shit ample of this plant. not b arly is our humour great for maturement it, we as well as were able to bloodline it very powerfully. The thrive in maize strickle send packing be traced back to the nineteen seventies. Since those analogous years, the Statesns average mundane aspiration of kilogram calories has jumped by more than 10 per centum (Pollan 102). The causal agency for this increase thermic usance leaves galore(postnominal) to scruple whether race ar alimentation more because its less valuable or pile atomic scrap 18 reach the akin amounts just the food contains more calories. any way, the companies that were producing these items didnt wait to be fazed by the enigma change trine of every vanadium Americans universe lumbering (Pollan 102). The true statement is that the companies be determined by moolah. The Americans who consume these foods piss the gelt. totitionally, a down of these companies atomic number 18 traded on the everyday market and flip a duty to their sh arholders, who subsequently atomic number 18 the equivalent ones purchase these foods. So the companies were world driven to make profits for the mint invested. twain of the biggest tonic companies in the world, Coca-Cola and Pepsi, induce followed these trends as well. As Pollen says, By 1984, Coca-Cola and Pepsi had switched over altogether from shekels to tall-fructose feed syrup. wherefore? Because HFCS was a a few(prenominal) cents cheaper than moolah (thanks in jumply to tariffs on merchandise scrawl cane secured by give refiners) and consumers didnt seem to encou nter the shift (104). Its as if these corn companies were monopolizing the industry, stressful to turn-over as much product as possible.The increase output signal would lastly check to increase designate sizes. preferably of dour the prices of products, companies started charging a base upcharge for supernumerary food and soda. This consecrate of continually turn of events over product has fit so wild that now, in 2000 the number of great deal ugly from overnutrition-a billion- had surpassed the number distraint from malnutrition-800 one thousand thousand (Pollan 102). on that point is distinctly something worried with this system. These companies atomic number 18 supply to our consumer appetites and change us to act accordingly.You would suppose that the prices of the food being low would exploit our food paradoxs globally, that the react is regrettably no. These companies ar in places where in that respect is some(prenominal) a market for extravagan tly gross revenue and where they can suffer these crops. approximately of the atomic number 18as that atomic number 18 face malnutrition atomic number 18 in contradictory areas of the world. These areas wouldnt make the companies money and in that locationfor there isnt an inducement for them. On the other hand, America is of die hard one of the liberalst consumer countries in the world. Our confide for food is top hat by most counties. at that place is no question that Americans accommodate a smart tooth. It is part of the gentlemans gentleman musical composition to consume heights aught foods and is linked to inseparable filling. match to Pollan, Add alter or pillage to anything and its biging to prove break away on the barbarism of an animal that earthy infusion has equip to look to out faculty-dense foods (107). Pollan excessively suggests that, pictorial selection dispose us to the essay of sugar and avoirdupois (its grain as well a s taste) because sugars and fats put out the most life force (which is what a calorie is) per mo (106).Its solely natural for earth to consume these ingredients, because after all we are predispose to do them. This of career doesnt sozzled that we are completely free of blest for our overindulging. We are all individuals and are liable in formulating our own decisions. The companies which domiciliate us with these calorie-packed foods and beverages excessively describe their nutritionary breeding on the packages. If we were to eat any encase foods, we would be accountable for savvy the health risks involved.The real problem is whether we cede the affable qualification to curb our tangible urges. in that respect is abundant investigate that suggests, plenty presented with crowing portions pull up stakesing eat up to 30 portion more (Pollan 106). At one time in our history, this efficacy have served us. Now, there is no question that our bodies are bon ny poisoned from this. cognize all of this claimation, companies extend doing their trump to offer these calorie-packed foods. This is clear in just astir(predicate) every quoin descent and fast food restaurant.The ethics concerning state-supported safety and personal effects on the humanity body are clear. Companies are only come to over their ability to lecture a profit. Their invention to score profits from the overconsumption of high energy foods has been effective in reservation Americans unhealthy, part continue to turn over profits. small-arm the companies are for sure a large part of the problem, the consumers are also to blame. They have enabled this overrun by act to consume the same products making them sick.Additionally, tidy sum seem to be ignoring their recommended caloric intakes and are choosing to eat more and more. Companies can only be fault for producing products with exceptional nutritional value. They are ethically percipient of their r esponsibilities if they inform their consumers properly. Their goal is to make profits, not refer whether their consumers are eat the recommended inspection and repair size or not. The best way to take check up on of this issue would to be to consume less and spot healthy options as individuals. The more conscious we cash in ones chips as individuals, the healthier we will perish as a society.

West Wing Episodes Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

double-u Wing events sermon - Essay modelingIn installing 96 windup, the Operating figure of the Federal presidential term is reduced to nil and the government is strained into a momentary shutdown later on President bartlett pear refuses to any moreover figure compromises, which puts him in a in truth un regardable position. Without the in operation(p) budget, the Chief of mental faculty sends e preciseone home who is non-essential personnel, including non-national warrantor and public caoutchouc employees. In Episode 96 windup, the Operating Budget of the Federal politics is reduced to null and the government is labored into a pro tempore shutdown later on President bartlett refuses to any bring forward Budget compromises, which puts him in a very unfavorable position. Without the operational budget, the Chief of supply sends everyone home who is non-essential personnel, including non-national security and public golosh employees. speaker system Haft ley begins move the shutdown to his ships companys favor by verbalise to the press on the White household lawn. Press deposit C.J. Cregg begins to recover almost ground by addressing the White provide Press karyon inside. Meanwhile, Chief of round Leo McGarry attempts to talk to the President in his private living quarters to convince him to bulls eye a flowerpot at 2 percent by midnight to stop the shutdown. provided he doesnt succeed and the shut down begins. infirmity President Russell meets with McGarry and offers to chatter with his former collegues in the House that includes Speaker Haftley and the Majority Whip, still McGarety refuses.

How to Go Green Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How to Go Green - Research Paper ExampleThis discussion outlines that its not easy being green however, there are many strategies that vexationes can adopt to become environment friendly. In order to go green, the line of products executives should understand the aspects such as pollution of land, water and air global warming biodiversity chemical and nuclear spills waste disposal deforestation and desertification. There has been invariably a conflict between business and ethics therefore, most of the times leaders face difficulties in choosing the business decisions that may fit between the businesses lucrativeness and ethics. In the previous years, business owners did not think about the environment whilst making business decisions, unless, there was some regulation that restricted the specific business strategy. In short, business runners have been neither motivated nor dispirited to consider the environmental concerns seriously. The situation has changed now because the incre asing corporate social responsibility of the organizations is decent a competitive advantage for the businesses. This paper describes the history of green business and increasing awareness of the companies to go green. Through the examples of the companies, it discusses the practices and programs through which businesses can go green. apart(predicate) from that, it also evaluates the importance of the concepts of business ethics in enforcing the businesses to go green.

Personal statement for college admission Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal statement for college admission - Essay ExampleA few days since that pivotal day, I can now proudly confess that I am part of the strongest naval force in the world. I hit scrape up to the realization that I have matured more than I could ever imagine, and that my journey has just begun. Before I decided to join the host, I was incomplete ready for college nor the take aim it would take to reach my professional goal of becoming a doctor. I was naive and overconfident. My lack of responsibility proved to me that in life, zipper comes easy, and I blew my chance of having an education. After four years of attending college, I was dismissed and had no one to blame other than myself. However, something in me kept carnal knowledge me that I was not destined for failure. I embarked on a new road in search of whatever I was missing. I soon completed that once I set my mind to it, I would be able to find my true capabilities and myself.As I now come to the end of my military career, I am ready for a new challenge. As I considered what my next achievement would be, I realized that a long time ago when I was a young boy in high school, I had made up my mind. I knew that in order to succeed, I had to take on the toughest challenge to succeed in the best educational environment.There was only one place I could see myself pursuing that challenge the University of Miami. Once again, I have decided to ride on a bus towards a brighter future, but this time, I am the only passenger.I now understand that the responsibility and discipline required to be successful in anything lies in my hands. I am confident that I will always rise up to face flush the toughest challenge. I proved this when I was in the Navy where I was attending college, going on deployments, which had separated me from my children. I succeeded against all odds.There are many a(prenominal) paths to our dreams, but I failed once before. I have learned the hard way that we fall so that we may rise

Discussion post Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Discussion post - Essay ExampleAs indicated in the regulations and guidelines issued by the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, the IRB teams should comprise of at least five individuals including a representative of the community. This enables the IRB to review a proposed research on the basis of community, legal and professional acceptability (Codina, 2014).After going through Protecting Human interrogation Participant course, I had an opportunity of discussing with a arrest engaging in research about prevention of ventilator pneumonia in babies in the ICU. From information gathered, the nurse had completed the initial training in research ethics prior to submission of a protocol. She was able to undertake the online training offered by the Collaborative institutional Training Initiative (CITI), for engaging institutions (Mateo & Foreman, 2013). In my workplace, the IRB comprises of two hospital administrators, clinicians, nurses, a professional in medical ethics, two la y individuals from the community, and a statistical professional. The IRB maintains an equate gender ratio. The IRB acts as a screening centre for issues of conflict of interest in research or institution and is also responsible for monitoring difficulties in the study. The IRB is governed by FDA, and its practices and policies are reviewed periodically for certification (Zenios et al.,

Weekly journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Weekly journal - Essay Examplehe recessionary face of the economy when the businesses are pitiful losses and a result of these losses they decrease their labor force which results in increase in the rate of unemployment (Krugman 144). Due to increase in unemployment, those who slip their jobs buy less goods and services and their spending mostly focuses on fulfilling their necessities and they stop spending money on luxurious goods and services. Another subject that has been discussed in the chapter is pomposity which is a term used to denote the continuous increase in the prices of goods and services (Krugman 151). Increase in the inflation rate at one channel in time leads to decrease in the ability of the consumers to purchase goods and services. Due to this they are able to purchase less goods and services in a disposed time period as compared to the previous time period when the rate of inflation was low. The chapter states that the government has to intervene to solve the counter inflation and increase the life-time standards of its

Lesson 10 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lesson 10 - Essay ExampleJarvis (14) argues that localise prep is one of the subsets of a partnership design and must be taken into consideration in order to create a beautiful partnership.In attempting to describe the relationship between site think and community design, a famous urban theorist and author Kevin Lynch came up with three key variables that distinguish site planning from community design. The variables include a site is a contiguous area controlled by single ownership with much greater design control (Lynch 21). From Lynchs theory, it becomes evident that site planning truly represents an important aspect of a community design. The purpose of this discourse is to discuss site planning as a unique subset of a community design in light of Kevin Lynchs theory of site planning. The discourse will also examine how Highland City in Florida has incorporated site planning as a key element of community design.To begin with, site planning is regarded as an important subset of community design. Jarvis (16) attributes this to the fact that it determines the underframe and character of the built environment of the community. These include the groupings of baseings, neighborhoods, public spaces, public improvements, and streetscapes. In this regard, planning will affect what we see or experience in the community or neighborhoods. Therefore, the community design element, at its best, should provide clear, relevant and creative guidance to the private enterprise, city and the public as they labor together to build a community whose small-town character is augmented by high quality public and private development.In his theory of urban planning, Kevin Lynch claimed that site planning functions as a feedback system between the site itself and the designer. This requires conducting a thorough initial analysis of the site and considering various ecological approaches once suggested by McHarg. dismantle though there are quite a number of models that can assist in describing a city or

Icts role in primarks operations strategy Essay

Icts role in primarks operations strategy - Essay ExampleThis paper discusses the operations strategy of Primark Stores Limited, a unfluctuating stylus retail company that currently operates in Ireland, United Kingdom, Portugal, Spain, Belgium, Netherlands and Germany. Primark is owned by the diversified British giant, Associated British Foods (ABF) and as at the end of 2011 had 232 stores go around in continental Europe . In 2010 Primark beat Marks & Spencer and ASDA to become was UKs largest clothing retailer by turnover, with sales of 3,043m. Primark sells a range of mode items targeted at people under 35 years old who are fashion-conscious. It is identified as the retailer that offers the lowest prices on the high street. Primark is a sham in the relatively young retail apparel sedulousness known as fast fashion. Fast fashion refers to the strategy where retailers count on zip up of production and adoption to current and emerging design trends to market their merchandise. While fast fashion may be heaven to buyers it can be calamitous to retailers who have to keep changing their inventory rapidly if they are to capture their fashion conscious target market. This however does not prevent the industry from organism very profitable. Consider this in the apparel industry, fast fashion companies have surpassed traditional rivals in growth by seizing their market share. Furthermore, fast fashion leaders typically earn higher profit margins than their old-guard competitors, averaging 16 per cent, versus 7 per cent for the typical specialty-apparel retailer. (Sull & Turconi, 2008, p.5). However, to better comprehend Primarks industry and leave behinding strategies we shall basic analyse the industry using Porters five forces. 2.1. Five Forces Analysis of Primarks Industry The strengths of Porters five competitive forces has an transaction on costs, prices, investments and other factors needed to compete thus they affect the average level of profitability for a given industry (Porter, 2008). This implies that these five forces have a direct correlation with the industry participants profitability. Using this line of thought one(a) can therefore state that a firms industry grammatical construction is a major factor that determines an organizations competitive strategy (Laudon & Laudon, 2009). The first strong force is competitive rivalry. The UKs retail fashion industry is according to Mintel (2005) is more consolidated than the rest of Europe with the top five UK retailers account for almost 45% of sales. Secondly, following from the effect of 2008 recession on consumer useable incomes, the industry is not a basic need category and as such has continued to experience slow growth. All the above attributes are symptomatic of industries where intensity of competitive rivalry is great (Porter, 2008). Another strong force in Primarks industry is the threat of substitutes largely as a result of the following three characteristics (1) t he garments sold in fast fashion are not durable (2) Primarks offerings are low-cost and (3) the cost of switching from one retailer to the other is very low. These three traits make it

Case study analysis (report) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Case study analysis (report) - Essay ExampleHowever, the case is surrounded with so many challenges because straight offs retailing world is vastly covered by competition. The future go away be reshaped by the emerging trends where it illustrates on what the business is experiencing today will surely be changed when tomorrow comes. This is the reason why critical knowledge about fast changing trends must be integrated into the retail system to drive opportunities. The business must plan ahead of time before it will lose its competitive advantage.The main thrust of this paper is to analyze the contrary positions of Simon and Smith in their stores direction as well as the alternatives that would help in looking for potential changes and opportunities.Simon and Smith had different views in terms of directing their store in order to stay ahead of the competition. Simon seemed to be satisfied with the current performance of the business. Furthermore, he said that as capacious as they will be using the same retailing strategy for the coming years, the business will remain to be at the top of the competition. He was not in favor on the idea of attracting young nodes for the reason that both of them did not have enough knowledge on the nature of the advanced segment and it might drive away their loyal customers. On the other hand, Smith was less satisfied compared to Simon because he was worried on the foreseen intense competition. He wanted to change the retailing concept and the growth strategy of the business to be more prepared when competition arrived. He presented potential changes in the customer base of the business and discussed important opportunities to develop sustainable competitive advantage. The opportunity was on how to attract younger customers as the new target audience. Instead of displace all efforts on customers whose profile ranges from 35 to 50, the business will now shift to a larger audience which is the young generation.The retail sect or is superstar of the most competitive in the business

Resolved collective bargaining rights Assignment

Resolved collective bargaining rights - Assignment ExampleCollective bargaining rights have made the employees of the body politic and local government employees of New York to earn salaries that are above the average wages for workers and this means that, taxpayers would have to pay through their noses in order to check up on that, the government pay the wages of these workers. Thus, the collective bargaining rights are causing a heavy burden on the taxpayers and for this reason, it should be repealed.The repealing of the collective bargaining rights in the state and local government of New York would help save huge sums of money that would have been used in paying these workers. Nothing is more chanceful to public welfare than to admit that hired servants of the State can dictate to the government the hours, the wages and conditions under which they will carry on essential go vital to the welfare, safety, and security of the citizen. (Disalvo par. 12). The fact that, the collec tive bargaining rights have empowered the labor leaders to dictate to the government is not in any itinerary healthy for democracy, as one cannot have two drivers in the same bus. Thus, the resolved collective bargaining rights for state and local governments in New York should be

Theodore Roosevelt's philosophy of government and the programs of his Term Paper

Theodore Roosevelts philosophy of regime and the programs of his administration - Term Paper ExampleThese images have been a long succession inspiration to both the normal and dis equal to(p)d individuals in the country. This inspiration rather provided them more than the want to be something or at least someone who is deserving the life that they were given, it also pushed them to work harder for their country.This was a very important piece of inspirational motivation to the people during the mid-20th century. Basically, people then were undergoing a huge series of social turmoil given the fact that they were passing through times of economic dandy depression and that of the second world war, when for so many colonies of imperialistic countries such as Spain, America stood to be one of the independent giving bodies who continuously push for the establishment of democracy in the world.Yes, in physical approach, Theodore Roosevelt whitethorn have been perceived to be weak, but with the strategic utilization of his mind powers and the cooperation that the American people were readily able to provide him as support to his validation and his administrational platform that he would like to apply not only for the better standing of his own country but also for the recovery of those other government administrations of smaller countries to whom he and his administration has given independence to. 2One of the peak issues during Theordore Roosevelts Presidency in America was that of the great depression that paved way to huge unemployment issues and less finances to use for the basic needs of the people. Through the establishment of the National Recovery Administration (NRA), President Roosevelt was rather able to create the necessary programs needed to produce a more systematic way of differing the situations of the country from the downfall that it is expected to face as the years of great depression was ready to take part of.The institution of this approach t o the great depression provided a more instituting system that gives a chance to

CORRELATIONAL METHOD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CORRELATIONAL METHOD - Essay ExampleHarvey tries to control for education, but the barely meaningful control she makes is that of years of education. Perhaps mothers who saw reduced results from going to work were educated at worse schools or had lower academician performance. Certainly, the academic performance of the child cant be separated from the academic performance of the mother. Another factor could be genics. Mothers in the early-employment group may have different genetic backgrounds, anomalies or diseases that could explain lower cognitive or academic functioning. Harvey cant control for these factors either. She does control for mothers IQ, but the NLSY doesnt account for fathers IQs. Harvey appropriately controls for race, but only controls for African-American or Hispanic status. Yet Asian-Americans also face notable difficulties (Wise, 2005) . Other groups that might face discrimination or social stigma that could vary the results are primaeval Americans and Middle Easterners. It is possible that the children who faced difficulties were Asian-American or Middle Eastern in background.

Famous theatrical person Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Famous theatrical person - Essay ExampleHis first film role was in 1939, so he had a well(p) decade of stage work to his credit before that first film role. Olivier was tall, dark, and handsome all of the ingredients that attracted women to him throughout his stage and acting career. He was incredibly talented, and took on roles that challenged his range of abilities, such as that very early experience of playing the female lead in The Taming of the Shrew. Shakespeare was a vehicle for his stage career, and it was only native that it overflowed into his film career. He directed and starred in a film adaptation of Shakespeares Henry V, a role that earned him his first honorary society Award (online 2011). But he was devoted to the theatre, and spent a lot of money that he earned making films to revive and reinvigorate interest in theatre stage productions (online 2011). In 1963, he became producer-director of the National Theatre Company, to raise money for this company, he accepted virtually all movie roles offered to him, from the 1960s-1970s he appeared in over 30 films (online 2011). One can only imagine Oliviers love for theatre, but it was a devotion that stayed with him throughout his life.

Climate Change and Its Impact Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Climate Change and Its Impact - Essay ExampleThis project depart show the fingerprint and harbinger of humour change manifesting through erratic weather patterns or ecological conditions and the possible solutions that muckle be offered to mitigate its impact. The ill-tempered discussion is given to Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The effects of climate change are increasingly felt in many parts around the world. Human action and activities are touch by weather and climate, and changes in climate affect man and animals, food production, water sources and health (Department of Ecology, n.d.). Short-term changes in climate can be classified as normal weather conditions, but utilizing observation on a long-term basis, a trend in changing climate has been identified (Department of Ecology, n.d.). The drastic and unusual effect of climate change that have affected not a few countries are the following coldest winter in UK in 2008-2009 (since 1996-1997), unafraid North Atlantic storm i n British Isles in 2009 (disrupted power and damaged buildings), Midwest heavy rains and worst floods in June 2008 (since 1993), hurricane Omar in July 2008 with winds of 205 km/ minute and ravaged a wide area for 17 days, tropical storm Fay that hit Florida four times with its 100 km/hour winds, the worst drought that hit Spain and Portugal in 2008, the worst South California wildfire that damaged an area of 8,100 hectares in April 2009, the worst Mexico drought in August 2009 that affected 3.5 million farmers, the northern Africa flooding that affected Algeria and Morocco in September to November 2008, and several others (UNEP, 2009). Due to the obvious effects of climate change that include erratic and strong weather conditions, fluctuating temperatures, or changing seasons, states and nations, international organizations, concerned groups and individuals call on everyone.

Catholic Teachings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Catholic Teachings - Essay ExampleCatholic teaching teaches its followers that they should not be better off than the followers of otherwise religions. However, the world is still filled with many poor and underprivileged people while very rich religious people and institutions continue to bask in their wealth.Catholics believe that they should work towards eradicating poverty and assist others in improving their living standards. Catholics basically follow the First Article of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which says license from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people. the peoples of the United Nations havedetermined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom.For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in, I needed clothes and you clothed me, I was sick and you looked after me, I was in prison and you came to visit me. Matthew 2535-36Every individual is both sacred and social. A someone appreciates his or her self-regard and rights in relationship with others in the residential area. The community must allow all individuals to grow and achieve fulfilment.The organization of society - in economics and politics, in law and policy - directly influences human dignity and the ability for individuals to develop in community. The compulsion to love our neighbour not only has an individual aspect, but it likewise involves a broader social obligation. Each person is responsible in contributing to the good of the whole society. This behaviour spread throughout all communities in every nation will lead to lesson world development and encourages individuals to strive to attain better world economic development.Society is judged morally by the way it treats its poorest citizens as the plight of the poor demands a moral claim from the conscience of the community. Powerlessness and deprivation o f the poor hurts the whole community.A community can be strengthened if its members give greater attention to the wiped out(p) and those at societys fringes.The economy must serve people, not the other way around. Workers have a right to productive work, to fair wages, and to safe working conditions. They also have a right to

Role of Roman Emperors in the Spread of Christianity Essay Example for Free

Role of Roman Emperors in the Spread of Christianity EssayThe in truth cruelty and hate of Christianity that sundry(a) Roman emperors exhibited actually worked in favor of that religion. As it is said, The blood of martyrs is the seed of the Church, for in many ways, persecution was beneficial to the new religion. Persecution gave the Christians a chance to flex their ghostly muscles, which many did, to great effect. The miracles that took place during these martyrdoms converted many of the pagans, which in turn led to more martyrdoms. Persecution served, essentially, to strengthen the faith of those already Christians, and to convert those who were not.By the very cruelties with which the emperors attempted to crush the young religion they actually aided it. But one emperor who supported christianity is the one who played the hulkygest role among all emperors in spreading christianity. His name was Constantine. Constantine was a hugely influential emperor who changed the cou rse of history and greatly affected the spread and development of Christianity. During Constantines reign, Roman art became less(prenominal) realistic. Simple and massive effects were preferred over classical forms and styles, and so art became more stylised.This culminated in the Christian era of artwork that would follow. For the next cardinal years, Constantine and Licenius shared the government of the Empire. Constantine, convinced of the power of his vision and subsequent victory in battle, was the first Roman Emperor to adopt Christianity. Christians were still persecuted at this time, and so in 313 Constantine issued an official edict of toleration. The Edict of Milan not only protected Christians, but apt(p) greater rights to followers of all religions. In 324 the Empire go about many difficulties, and Constantine defeated Licinius and became the sole Emperor.As the emperor, Constantine quickly moved the capital of the Roman empire from Rome to Constantinople (now known a s Istanbul). In 325, Constantine assembled the Council at Nicaea with a group of bishops. The counsel debated many doctrinal points concerning Christianity, and created the Nicaean creed to unify Christian doctrine and practices. Some common beliefs of the early Christian church were at this point voted against and eradicated from the Churchs teachings. This was the first time that church and state began to merge, and that the imperial office was used to strengthen a church.For Constantine, his motivations were probably as much political as religious. The number of Christians was increasing within the empire, as was the influence of the church. Merging the two strengthened the power of both. From Constantines rule on, Christianity was the official religion of the empire. The Christian Church was granted tax exempt status, and Roman coins issued during this period have a cross on them. Although Constantine had long supported Christianity, he was not baptized until he was on his death bed. He died in 337.Constitine, who was the Emperor of Rome was a Pagan. Before going into battle he thought he saw Jesus initials in the clouds and hardened it was an omen and had his men put those initials on their shields. Well, Constitine won that battle and subsequently summoned all priests of stature into Rome to create the Bible. They went through the various books that had been written and pared that big pile of writings down into what became the bible. Constitine then proclaimed that christianity was the official religion of Rome and the Roman Empire.

Environmental factors affecting Nespresso in China Essay Example for Free

Environmental factors affecting Nespresso in China EssayThe micro purlieu on the other sight comprises the effort and market. Religion, education, ethnicity, education and language, age group, family, cross cultural differences. In 1978, the Chinese governance introduced a birth control policy of one child per family. (Newsweek 2014) This in the presbyopic run will reduce both sales and labor availability for Companies especially foreign brands kindred nespresso. The business culture in chinaware is based on strong family ties and cultural profitswork.Guanxi is a Chinese business practice of favoring a family and close friends prior to doing business. This could be unfavorable to foreign businesses uniform nespresso and other western companies. LEGAL FACTORS. Foreign trade laws, land ownership laws, patent and trademark laws, piracy laws, lobbying laws. According to reports, foreign firms trampnot and do not fetch land as all land remains the property of the Chinese government activity. However the lease system provides foreign firms and corporation access to land for well-nigh a period of 50years after which the lease backside be renewed.There was a case of McDonalds in Beijing who were forced out of their property by the government during the contract period (China unique, 2013). This spells an unstable working environment for nespresso. ECONOMIC FACTORS Economic factors include, Unemployment rate, exchange rate, pompousness, interest rate, consumer discretionary income, labor cost. Unemployment According to the ministry of human resources and affectionate security of the PRC, there has been a significant decrease in unemployment rate in China from 4. 10 in the last quarter of 2013 to 4 percentage in the second quarter of 2013 (Trading economics, 2014).This will increase salaries and wages due to scarcity of labor as only few of the population are unemployed. Similarly, Chinas inflation rate as reported by National Bureau of Statistics of China was at 2. 50 percent in January 2014 (Bloomberg business week Jan. 2014). This has caused a lessening in unemployment and an increase in wages. This might mean an increase in sales for western brands like nespresso and luxurious brands. According to ban and company opulence corkings purchases has slowed down by 7percent as Chinese shoppers now do their luxury shopping abroad (Ban and company 2013).This might not be too good for foreign companies in china but it shows how passionate Chinese are for luxury brands. Chinas GDP were recorded at 7. 7 percent (9. 4 one million million USD) in the fourth quarter of 2013. (Bloomberg business week Jan. 2014) The above information shows that Chinas economic environment would promote and facilitate business activities. (Trading economies, 2014). reject unemployment rate implies high purchasing force-out of customers. Inflation will affect nespresso because suppliers will demand more. High interest rate means high go across on e nthronement.The higher consumers discretionary income, the higher their purchasing power especially for premium products like the nespresso brand. POLITICAL FACTORS. Factors present in the political environment include Political Stability, government involvement, trade barriers (tariff and non-tariff) Political stability The three decades of reform in china has led to both a political and sociable landscape. (China daily Feb 2014). China has a unique form of political risk which is a constant battle between the central government and local government over applicable laws.For Nespesso, this stability and a clear understanding of local law would guarantee a stable business environment in the long run. Government involvement The purpose of this is to value domestic firms. (Protectionism). Government may impose barriers (tariff and non-tariff) on imports or foreign investment in order to protect domestic industries and to reduce competition. Although china has continuously opened its m arket for foreign investors, it has in addition place restriction on some foreign businesses in authoritative industries.For instance the restriction on American producers of autos, beef and steel into its market. (Bloomberg news April 2013) TECHNOLOGY. engine room when applied to work makes it easier, quicker and sometimes more efficient. The level of technology. Technology is inputs that improves an organizations output. Technological factors includes machinery, communication, earnings penetration, transport and logistics, social infrastructure. Internet penetration and logistics. See question 2 THE MICRO ENVIRONMENT INDUSTRY depth psychology PORTERS FIVE FORCES.Local suppliers include Yunnan Zheng cocoa bean co ltd, Baoshan Yatong drinking chocolate commercial co. ltd, Dehong Hogu coffee co ltd, Yunnan Changshengda investment co. ltd, Kunming Qianxi industry and trade co ltd, Acme Fate international ltd (Alibaba, 2014). This shows that the supplier power is low because the re are so many suppliers in the industry. Power of buyers (customers) With over 14million people in shanghai and other major cities of china and the tea drinking tradition of the Chinese people, there tend to be a high buyer power amongst customers.Also, the quest for luxurious band amongst Chinese consumers tend to influence buying power Competitors The level of competition in china is high not meet for coffee consumption but also for other het drinks. In terms of luxurious coffee key players include Starbucks, costa, McDonalds, 85 degrees, pacific coffee etc. research from Mintel has shown that there has been an increase in the number of cafes from 15,898 to 31,283 between 2007 and 2012. (China briefing, 2013).Threat of new entrants With the existence of so many players in the coffee industry it can be concluded that there is high threat of new entrants because it may seem that coffee business in China is attractive. Analysts say there will be a continuous increase in the consum ption of instant coffee. (Euro monitor international). Industry rivalry Competition is intense in the coffee industry in china as key player continue to compete in different ways. According to reports, there is a continuous urge on for market share, who has more coffee shops etc.As Starbucks plans to have 1500 stores in china, costa coffee has stated their intention to increase its number to 2500 by 2018. come near and Starbucks has been competing for dominance of chinas coffee market for the last decade. While nestle has focused on being a ubiquitous brand, Starbucks has targeted the upper tenderness class. (Context china) QUESTION TWO According to reports, China has 618million internet users. 80percent of this number are mobile internet users. (ZDnet, 2014). The outbreak of mobile internet users drove the number from 500million as at December 2013.With this number of internet users, a firm would have no problem carrying out online sales, advertising, or communicating with its c ustomers. A report by adage confirms that Taoboa and Tmall, two of chinas largest e-commerce company broke their last years sales record via the internet. Therefore many firms are capitalizing on the power of the internet by doing series of online promotion. (Adage, 2013) Online retail sale according to Bloomberg, went up by 2percent last year (adage, 2013). The surging internet purchase indicates that Chinese consumers are moving away from bricks and mortar outlets for their shopping.Opportunities of online CRM and sales include Wider reach. Using the internet, nespresso can keep up with a large number of its customers on a daily or weekly bases. Advertising. Nespresso can also use the internet to advertise its product to millions of customers at the same time. This could be cheaper to operate too. Segmenting purposes. The record of customers and their forward purchase can help nespresso in automatically segmenting it customers based on purchase history Feedback and adjustment. Cu stomer feedbacks is very important as these information can be used in making services or products better.Despite the attractive and promising nature of using the internet, investors and firms should also consider the drawbacks of using the internet for sales and communication. The Chinese government recently just imposed a new law regarding e-Commerce in China. The law stipulates that real names registration of sellers on third party platforms, strict seven days return policy, and also online behavement market place must safeguard users privacy. (Pac net services, 2014) Another report says the government is imposing a law where all consumer to consumer online trading would have to register for a business license andalso pay taxes (China daily, 2014) Legal system.There are different legal restriction and regulation from government and regulatory bodies. Payment environment the cash payment culture of the Chinese creates difficulties for online shopping. International credit cards a re not accepted in virtually online shops. There is unavailability of credit card payment in most transactional websites. The online payment system in china is still at an infant stage. Logistics network environment there is a restriction on foreign investment of logistics companies.Limited choices of delivery therefore, much more time is spent on delivery (jitm, 2007). QUESTION THREE Despite the large number of internet users I personally would recommend that nespresso adopt another marketing strategy as it will be very harmful to assume that the nespresso club would work in the Chinese market. From careful observation of the forces at work in the Chinese market environment, I can say that there is high level of government protectionism and regulation on internet businesses (Ecommerce) that tends to favor Chinese owned firms and businesses.Report has it that not only were a lot of websites blocked in china, there were also a Chinese replacement. Sites blocked include Facebook, yah oo, google, twitter, YouTube etc. according to report, the British newspaper The Guardian along with The New York times and Bloomberg news has been blocked in china for over a year. Motives for this act remains unknown (Taipei Times, 2014). Nespressos use of the internet is limited as not so much can be achieved due to duty tour by the government therefore using the internet could hinder performance as there is too much interference from the government.Nespresso should adapt its marketing mix to overcome the current situation of internet insecurity so as to reduce reliance on the internet. Though the internet can be used to position the nespresso brand image in the minds of the consumers for sales, or advertising or customer relationship but it wont be wise business decision to apply the nespresso club concept in China because the government can decide blacklist them just like the case of Facebook.Nespresso should create more awareness about its brand to the Chinese public especial ly the less educated ones explaining the difference between house coffee and the nespresso brand Lastly, since there is already a tea drinking tradition amongst the Chinese population, nespresso should consider a local adaptation which involves offering other kinds of hot drinks so as to have a variety of products for it ever growing tea drinking customers.

Importance of selected accounting and related courses as preparation for a management accounting career Essay Example for Free

Importance of selected invoice and related courses as preparation for a counsel accountancy passage EssayThe heart of the global economy is undergoing a tremendous growth, which has created favorable conditions for professional development business relationship occupational group paths.. The present blood market is faced with competition and education in a given career choice broadens opportunities. There are numerous types of jobs for individuals to pursuit in the theater of accounting with specific requirements for career ranks and particular career clusters. Previously, educators and parents have played a significant role in assisting students choose career paths perceived to be related to economic development and overall economic-driving career path. rush clusters demand similar fundamental education and training, skills and knowledge, and career pathways. Also, accounting career, just like other(a) fields produces the professionals the opportunity to rise along th e career ladder from access train to elder most aim.Accounting is the study of the procedure used by a subscriber line to track expenses, income, assets, and liabilities over time and at the same time adhering to reporting standards. Accounting career deals with the reporting, recording, and analysis of the financial trans shapeions of a business. patch many people think that accounting is a complex career, it is not much about subtracting and adding of numbers, yet about comprehending what those numbers mean and demonstrating the ability to rehearse and reach the numbers in an approach that benefits of a business organization. Essentially, accounting revolves around the preparation and analysis of financial statements, which significantly evaluates the success or failures of the company. Accountants act as middle-men between the decision-makers and business activities. As such, they record data from transactions and translate it into a meaning and useful information useful to the management, stockholder, customers, employees, government agencies and creditors. depict moreFirst Poem for You EssayAccounting Career Cluster Accounting clusters in accounting involve providing analysis and interpretation of financial records in order to prepare financial records for regulatory authorities. The job clusters in accounting include impose advisor, auditor, budget analyst, accountant, and actuary. Clusters in accounting encompass career pathways that record, classify, analyze, summarize, and communicate a business financial information for management decision-making.Public Accountants Individuals in public accounting are utilise by public accounting degradeds. They offer a range of accounting activities from financial analysis, statement preparation, private businesses, public firms, non-profit entities and government agencies. Most public accountants are certified public accountants. The most vernacular requirement is a CPA certification, yet there are some other accountings certificates as well, including certified fraud examiner, certified management accountant, and enrolled agents for those specializing in tax. The entry level of a public accountant is a bach degree in accounting or finance and proficiency in Microsoft Office applications. A mid-level public accountant must have a CPA certification an advanced degree like an MBA with a focus in accounting or MAcc is useful (Birrer, 2009). Senior level public accountant requires all the mid-level entry requirements with an MBA, or a MAcc is recommended.Financial Accountant These are accounting individuals that prepares the financial statements ground on the general ledgers besides participating in significant financial decisions involving M A, long-term and financial projections. Financial accountants, Birrer (2009) explains, are concerned with how the performance of a company is represented by outside party, loss and cash flow to managers and shareholders. Profession als in financial accounting career path follow the Generally judge Accounting Principles set by Financial Accounting Standards Board (Birrer, 2009). The requirements of an entry level a Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science or Bachelor of business administration. Furthermore, knowledge of bookkeeping, accounting software, accounts payable and receivable. A CPA certification is mandatory for any accountant working for a public company registered with Securities and Exchange Commission. The senior level, however, requires a bachelor in accounting degree or finance or a graduate degree in finance such as MBA. Career paths for financial accountants include staff accountant, bookkeeping, accountant, financial accountant, financial controller, and chief financial officer at a senior level.Management Accountants These are individuals employed by public or private companies to support their goals by performing tasks such as budgeting, asset management, cost management, and performance evaluation. Management accountants develop their career to become budget analysts that are responsible for developing and managing financial plans of an organization. There is also a cost accountant profession that kit and boodle with consulting, corporations or accounting firms in retail and manufacturing sectors. Management accountants, another career path, involve participation in decisions about capital budgeting, business analysis, and shaping business strategy in spite of appearance a company. Management accountants require a bachelors degree in accounting or finance and strong technology skills, particularly, in Microsoft outgo (Ankers, 2007).Career LadderPublic Accountant According to Institute for Career Research, (2006) reports that the entry level of a public accountant is defined by the types of roles, requirements and job description of pubic accounts. An entry level is a staff accountant, tax personal, or a junior auditor at an accountant firm. Rising through th e ranks, the middle level of a public accountant is a senior associate/accountant or tax or a manager for the audit in an accounting firm. The highest accounting rank of a public accountant career path is a senior partner/partner or director of a firm also, a certified public accountant in private practice and a corporate accounting executive or a CFO in a private company. In the senior level, executive accounting oversees audits tax, drives strategy and business developed and manage client relationships. CPA in private practice, however, works with clients on tax issues, audits or budget analysis. Finally, a CFO conducts senior level management accountant responsibilities.Financial Accountant The entry level of a financial accountant is a bookkeeper, accountant or a staff accountant for individuals with bachelors degree in arts, science or BA. along the ranks, there is a financial accountant, senior financial analyst and a senior accountant for individuals with all entry level requirements. Besides, strong communications and analytical skills are necessary. The professionals must also demonstrate knowledge of financial regulation. The top most financial accountant career paths include financial director, chief financial officer and a financial controller. These positions require all mid-level entry requirements alongside excellent managerial and interpersonal skills, high standards of accuracy and integrity and a bachelor degree in accounting or finance with MBA desirable (Institute for Career Research, 2006).Management accountants entry level becomes staff accountants, junior internal auditor, cost accountant, and a tax accountant. Along the ranks, the professionals become accounting managers, senior internal auditor, and a senior accountant. Moreover, the senior-most level is a controller, CFO, director of finance or accounting. While the entry level requires a bachelors degree, along the ranks, a senior most position in management accountants requires solid management skills, track record of leadership and excellence in the field and knowledge of the organization and accounting principles of United States.Conclusion Discussing career clusters and ladder is such an interesting assignment to establish a solid career path. Accounting professionals are tasked with responsibilities in various career paths and different job ladders. In overall, the accounting field requires professionals to achieve a bachelors degree in accounting or finance alongside special skill and knowledge such as communication, computer software, accuracy, integrity, management skills and overall accounting principles.ReferencesAnkers, R. G. (2007). Opportunities in an accounting career. hot York Educational Books Division of Universal Pub and Distributing Corp.Birrer, G. E. (2009). Importance of selected accounting and related courses as preparation for a management accounting career. Ann Arbor, Mich University MicrofilmsInstitute for Career Research. (20 06). Career as a certified public accountant CPA crunching the numbers and advising businesses and individuals on how to manage their financial affairs. Chicago Institute for Career Research.Source document

Dairy Industry Of Pakistan Marketing Essay

Dairy Industry Of Pakistan marketing EssayThe dairy farm industry of Pakistan is a very competitive industry and has huge potential. Unfortunately, dairy processors in Pakistan still have miles to c everywhere before they domiciliate exploit full benefits of this industry. The draw drudgery of the country has non been up to the mark and as a result the demand for dairy products outweighs the supply. Traditionally, people living in urban atomic number 18as preferred to gull fresh milk delivered to their homes by Gawallas. However with the passage of time, as people became more and more health conscious there was a shift towards the use of goods and services of UHT milk and its demand has been increasing ever since. In the UHT milk segment, pixilateds like Nestle Pakistan restrain and Engro Foods Limited have emerged as leading grocery store players. These fast(a)s with their good deal of financial resources have made huge investments in receiveting state of the art tech nology, manpower and strengthenceing their promotion efforts. Despite the item that local dairy processing industries have been able to match the quality standards of Nestle and Engro to a greater extent, these tights lack in their merchandiseing efforts. noon Pakistan Limited is one much(prenominal) firm which is being effected due to poor marketing efforts and has non been able to reap the benefits of the industry in which it operates.Noon Pakistan Limited is a punt of the Noon Family and has been marketing its products under the rat name of Nurpur. The firm enjoys market leadership in the stratum of butter. Initially when the firm launched its UHT milk the market reply was good. However with the passage of time, the trademark performance of Nurpur UHT milk has deteriorated due to mismanagement of marketing efforts. While management claims that they atomic number 18 able to sell whatever they produce, the market survey results prove that the prevailing performance of t he grass has not been up to the mark. The firm relies on the selling concept which is a short term burn up and undersized emphasis is being devoted to the concept of brand building. It is the need of the hour that Noon Pakistan Limited adopts a recollective term strategic near if it wants to secure its position in the market for grades to come.To study the issue being faced by Noon Pakistan Limited, a rigorous Literature freshen up was conducted followed by interviews with employees of the firm, retailers and consumer surveys. Financial analysis and comparison with Nestle and Engro was done. Even though Noon Pakistan Limited does not match the financial strength of its competitors, there be many ways in which the firm can improve its position in the market.The first step in building strong brands is to ensure that the brand has a high salience. The brand should have top of the mind recall and recognition. Unfortunately the survey results analyzed using SPSS softw ar proved that Nurpur milk is not the first brand which comes to the mind when a consumer wants to purchase UHT milk. Majority of the respondents could not even recall any advertisements of Nurpur milk. A major(ip) proportion of the respondents likewise highlighted the fact that Nurpur milk was occasionally short in the market. The results of the retailer interviews also prove that Noon Pakistan Limited has to improve its trade promotion schemes as majority of the retailers were not satisfied with accredited distribution practices of the company. The retailers highlighted the fact that the company should improve its promotion activities so that consumers start demanding Nurpur milk.Due to weak financial resources, Noon Pakistan Limited should implement alternative strategies to maintain its position in the market. The firm needs to invest in consumer promotion activities like in store sampling and taste trials. The firm also needs to focus on its BTL activities in order to strengthen the p erceptual positioning of the brand in consumer mind. The firm needs to revise its compensation policies with retailers and start providing goods on a credit basis to those retailers who have a good reputation in the market. In short, Noon Pakistan Limited should revise its current practices and operations. The firm should let go its old concept of selling and instead focus on building the equity of its brands if it wants to strengthen its position in the market for the future.2.INTRODUCTIONThe Noon GroupThe Noon Group of Companies is being managed by the Noon family. The group has qualified and experienced professionals. The Noon Group of Pakistan strives to improve its profitability and bulwark its stakeholders interest while maintaining highest quality standards and serving the community (About Us Nurpur Foods, 2012).The Noon Group of Companies has non-homogeneous business ventures and Noon Pakistan Limited is one such moneymaking venture of the Group. Apart from Noon Pakista n Limited a brief description of the other business ventures ar as follows-1. Noon Sugar Mills LimitedThis venture was incorporated in 1964 and manufactures white sugar. Initial crushing capacity was 1ergocalciferol MT of sugarcane which has been annexd to 4000 MT over the passage of time. In 1986 an alcoholic beverage distillery was setup to manufacture industrial alcohol. The total number of people employed is 683 and currently efforts are underway to increase the crushing capacity to 8000 MT/day (About Us Nurpur Foods, 2012).2. Pioneer Cement LimitedPioneer Cement Limited was incorporated in 1985 with a total investment of Rs.2660 million and return capacity of 630000 tons per annum. The plant is situated in Chenki, Khushab. The project was financed by a consortium of foreign lenders conduct by the Asian Development Bank. Efforts are underway for another line having a capacity of 6000 MT/day (About Us Nurpur Foods, 2012).3. Noon worldwide offstage LimitedNoon Internationa l Private Limited is a trading company which was established in 1972. The company employs 43 people including a team of 15 professional sales engineers. This firm represents various international companies of repute in Pakistan and markets their equipment in the fields of textile, power generation, sugar, fertilizer, chemical, steel, cement, food and milling (About Us Nurpur Foods, 2012).4. Textile Technics Private Limited corporate in 2004 with a total investment of Rs 100 million, Textile Technics is a joint venture between M/S Blue Reed of Spain and Noon International Private Limited. The project has a production capacity of 22000 meters of reed per annum (About Us Nurpur Foods, 2012).5. Textile ServicesTextile Services was established in 1994 and provides services to over 200 customers of Sulzer Textile Projectile Weaving Machines. The company employs 32 people and provides training, technical service and spare parts for clients (About Us Nurpur Foods, 2012).Noon Pakistan Limite dIncorporated in 1966 with a total investment of 553 million, Noon Pakistan Limited produces various products namely Butter, cease, UHT milk, HCLF, Pasteurized milk, Flavored milk, Juices, Water, Desi ghee, Honey and Jam. Installed capacity of the plant is 72000 Liters/2 shifts and there are 700 employees. Noon Pakistan Limited has been marketing its products under the brand name of Nurpur. The plant is located in Bhalwal, Sargodha while the head office is situated in Lahore (About Us Nurpur Foods, 2012).The company has not only built a strong reputation over the past years but has also been able to offer a strong product portfolio to its consumers. Noon Pakistan Limited believes in optimum utilization of resources in order to secure the interests of major stakeholders and fulfilling its obligation as a accountable corporate citizen by serving the community. The company also utilizes rigorous quality control procedures at all stages to ensure supply of quality products to consumer s. This has allowed the firm to increase its turnover from Rs 311.7 million in 2004 to Rs 2436.41 million in 2011 (Company Profile Nurpur Foods, 2012).The year 2011 was a challenging year for Noon Pakistan Limited. Energy Crisis, security situation match with devastating floods had exerted significant pressure on the economy and cost of living. Higher inflationary trends continued impacting their key products particularly related to fresh milk when shortages led to a cost increase of 16% compared to last year. Additionally, higher growth of their products led to severe filling capacity constraints and the market demand could not be met fully. Despite all these challenges, the management made serious efforts to achieve performance objectives by effective product mix, controlling fixed costs and locating unused-fangled cheaper sources of raw material. Economic trends, prolonged gas and electricity outages, severe competition in selling brands and procurement of raw milk are not exp ect to ease out during the coming months. Due to reduced buying power, trend in the market is changing fast as consumers are looking for cheaper products in small packages. Therefore the management at Noon Pakistan Limited has made plans to reassess the market requirements and also further improve their production efficiency (Noon Pakistan Limited, 2011). lotThe vision statement of Noon Pakistan Limited is as follows-Our vision at Nurpur is to be a transformative force in our community and world at wide-ranging and to serve as a model of a sustainable business alternative that nurtures accessible and economic well being in an environmentally huffy manner (Our Vision Nurpur Foods, 2012).MissionThe mission statement of Noon Pakistan Limited is as follows-Nurpur is committed to supplying the consumer and customer with the finest, high quality products and to be a leading industry in healthy and nutritious products. Nurpur supports these goals with a corporate philosophy of adhering to the highest ethical conduct in all its business dealings, treatment of its employees, and social and environmental policies (Our Mission Nurpur Foods, 2012).Core valueAt Noon Pakistan Limited, consumers are at the forefront of everything they do. The core values of the company include the generation of Ideas that can be constantly challenged to develop next generation solutions, to conduct business openly and fairly while competing fiercely at the same time, to encourage teamwork with single(a) flairs, to set tough goals that can be challenged and beaten, to value preservation of the environment and ensure sustainability of organic agriculture, to value mutually supportive transactionhips among members of local and global communities (Core Values Nurpur Foods, 2012).Awards and CertificationsNoon Pakistan Limited has won many prestigious awards and certifications which are First dairy company in Pakistan to be certified under ISO 220002005, Brand of the year award (2006-07) in t he category of Butter, Brand of the year award (2007-08) in category of Butter, Cheese and flavored milk and Brand of the year award (2008-09) in the category of Butter (Certifications Nurpur Foods, 2012).Three years production snapshotPRODUCTIONUNITS201120102009UHT Milk/teatime whitenerLiters30,940,07920,385,29016,246,333UHT Flavored milkLiters4,668,0714,075,4072,498,299UHT CreamLiters71,381461,722345,580ButterKilograms986,3351,011,925862,622Milk powderKilograms927,9431,160,508930,894CheeseKilograms203,146206,508194,020GheeKilograms34,37152,19031,331Pasteurized MilkLiters4,911,7782,663,2941,806,733Loose creamLiters3,490Jams and honeyKilograms34,03242,81223,735JuicesLiters4,421,39910,341,16010,402,443Adapted from the Annual Report (Noon Pakistan Limited, 2011).The production snapshot over the years shows that the production of UHT milk/Tea whitener, UHT flavored milk and Pasteurized milk has increased from 2009-11 while the production of UHT cream, Butter, Milk Powder, Cheese, Ghee, Jams and Juices has decreased from 2009-11. Loose cream was discontinued in the year 2011. The focus of the firm remains on strengthening its position in the UHT milk segment.The Purchase partTo study the operations of the Purchase Department, two interviews were conducted with the Purchase Manager. The findings of the interviews have been use to describe the function of the Purchase Department.The purchase surgical incision is responsible for purchasing all materials required by the head office and plant other then milk which is purchased at the milk collection centre in Bhalwal. Materials which are purchased by the department range from ordinary items like office and plant nonmoving to complex materials like Flavors, Spare parts for plant equipment and transportation vehicles, Chemicals, Fuel and everything related to the manufacturing process, Logistics and day to day operations. Demand for requisition comes from the factory and approval has to be given by the Managing Dire ctor. The purchase department currently has 4-5 employees. The purchase department stays in coordination with the plant and suppliers through phone and email and as such no software is currently being used by the department. The department uses a manual system of keeping records and storing files. The purchase department always keeps 3 copies of requisitions and delivery challans. One copy is sent to the plant, one copy is maintained with the purchase department and one copy is kept by the Purchase Manager. The major suppliers of Noon Pakistan Limited are SMC, Sitara Chemicals , Jason Foods and Danisco. Everyone is involved in the purchase process including the worldwide Manager, Purchase Manager and people from the plant. Payments to suppliers are made either on cash or credit through the head office. Credit terms depend on contacts and relations with suppliers and can range from 15 days up to a month. According to the Purchase Manager, Noon Pakistan Limited believes in maintainin g healthy relations with Suppliers and this is one of the key strengths of the department. The primary reason given for this was that Juices and Milk factories in Pakistan have no second option since suppliers are limited and few. They have to purchase materials from the specified suppliers and bargaining power of suppliers is high in this moot. However if relations are good with suppliers not only do suppliers cooperate but may also be lenient in terms of credit. In this regard price does not play a major issue but a greater issue is that of availability of materials from suppliers. The Purchase Manager also verbalise that in case of materials inevitable from local suppliers, the purchase department is given no time and purchase has to be made immediately. However when imported materials are required from foreign suppliers, the Purchase department is informed in advance as shipping takes time. There is no fixed pattern of purchases made end-to-end the year and it all depends on plant and market requirements. The quality of materials purchased is checked at the plant and if there are defects the merchandise is returned to the supplier. The Purchase Manager also stated that there is no HR department as such and the performance of the purchase department is monitored from the plant and by the Managing Director (Ashraf, 2012).DELIVERY CHALLANNoon Pakistan Limited1st Floor, Mustafa Centre, 45 F, Main Market, Gulberg Lahore PakistanNo._______ Date_________To,Manager, Noon Pakistan Limited, BhalwalThe following goods have been dispatched to you by Truck No_____________SRDescriptionQty. enumerateSupplierRemarks sympathetic Sign and Return Duplicate____________________ _________________Malik Mohammed Ashraf Bhalwal Store root word Company Internal DocumentsNOON PAKISTAN LIMITED, BHALWALDEMAND OF STORE TO BE PURCHASED DEMAND NO______DATE____________SRItem encryptNomenclatureSpecificationNameA/UQtyRequiredStock in HandLastPurchaseDateRate/UnitAmountRemarks_________ ___ _______________Store Manager General ManagerSource Company Internal DocumentsThe trade DepartmentTo study the operations of the Marketing Department of the firm, two interviews were conducted with the Marketing Manager.Marketing research activities are outsourced. The Marketing Department purchases monthly reports from antithetic marketing research agencies like AC Nielson and Tetra Pak. In this way the marketing department stays in touch with the latest trends and competitor activities. The Marketing department comprises of one marketing manager and a brand manager. The Marketing Manager reports to the General Manager of Marketing and gross sales while activities of the brand manager are monitored by the marketing manager. The brand manager is responsible for dealing with various agencies as all marketing research data and ATL as well as BTL activities are outsourced. Some of the agencies with which the marketing department works are SABB Marketing, Time and Space, Orient, H RK Communications, melodic phrase Communications, TOPAZ Communications and ADZ Communications. These agencies prepare designs of print ads and commercials. The brand manager discusses the various designs with the Marketing Manager and after making necessary amendments and recommendations approval is given to Marketing agencies. The Marketing Department does its planning in the beginning of the year in coordination with the sales Department. A monthly, yearly and 5 year plan is made. The Marketing Department is consulted in all strategic decisions made at the corporate level. There is no fixed method for determining the budget allocated to the Marketing Department and it all depends on various factors like last years profitability and market performance of various brands available in the market. In 2012, three new brands by the name of Yogo Yogo, Dairy Rozana and Jalwa have been launched. The Marketing Strategy of Noon Pakistan Limited is Differentiation strategy. However the strat egy to be adopted for each brand depends on the market performance and competitor activities. Since UHT milk is difficult to differentiate, the current strategy being adopted is to position it as a milk which is enriched with vitamins needed for healthy growth and development. The target market of UHT milk is Housewives and working females as well as males. Different SKUs are being used to target different Socio Economic Classes like the 1000ml pack is targeted for SEC-A while the 200ml and 250ml packs are targeted towards low income households. The main competitor brands of Nurpur Milk are Olpers, Milk Pak, Good Milk and Haleeb. The marketing department does not go for an offensive strategy because Nestle and Engro are huge giants with bundle of resources. Noon Pakistan Limited can be classified as an analyser because it is operating both in a stable and dynamic market. Another reason for not adopting an offensive strategy is that volumes are low. Importance is not given to gain sh elf space because production volumes are so low and everything sells out due to high demand of UHT milk. Recently a new brand by the name of Dairy Rozana has been launched as a flanker brand to compete with the Dairy Omung of Engro. The main weakness of the Marketing Department is that very little attention is being paid towards building brand equity. The department is focusing on increasing sales which is a short term approach sooner than focusing on building their brands (Khan, 2012).organisational Chart of the Marketing DepartmentSource Internal Company DocumentsThe Brand Manager is responsible for dealing with various Marketing Agencies and reports to the Marketing Manager. The Marketing Manager reports to the General Manager of sales and Marketing (Khan, 2012).The Sales DepartmentTwo interviews were conducted with the Sales Analyst of the firm to get insights regarding the operations of the Sales Department.The organizational structure of the Sales Department comprises of the General Manager of Sales and Marketing, National Sales Manager, Regional Sales Manager, Area Sales Manager, Field Managers and Sales Officers. The job description of the Field Manager and Sales Officer is the same but position of Field Manager is superior because those Sales Officers whose performance is consistently outstanding are made Field Managers. Territories have been assigned according to location and comprises of Central Zone, Southern Punjab zona and Northern zone which includes RWL/AJK, Hazara belt and Pakhtoon.K belt. Distribution is limited in Quetta and Multan because of heavy freight expenses. The process of forecasting yearly sales is that last years closing sales are doubled and the amount is set as the Sales Target for the next year. Sales Quotas are assigned to Salesmen depending on the Area and potential of salesman. Other factors which are taken into account while assigning quotas are the seasonality issue because milk production and its demand fluctuates throug hout the year. There are more than 280 distributors all over the country and each Sales Officer has to monitor and look after three to four distributors. The Sales department also relies on individual projections from the Sales Team when deciding upon monthly and quarterly targets. If a salesman is unable to achieve his target in the specified time, he has to achieve both, the remaining target as well as the target allocated in the next period. If targets are continuously not being achieved the Salesman is fired. The salesmen who achieve targets are awarded with bonuses and cash rewards. In order to actuate the sales team, a sales competition is held and winner of Sales Man of the Year is rewarded. Besides having a Sales competition, vacation trips are also mean to motivate the Sales Team. If targets set in the year 2012 are met, the entire Sales Team will go on a vacation to Dubai on the companys expenses. Noon Pakistan Limited has also started exporting its products to countries like England, Kenya and Afghanistan. The documentation process to export products involves the Performa Invoice, E-Form Attestation, Commercial Invoice, Packing List, Certificate of Origin and Analysis Report (Butt, 2012).Organizational Chart of Sales DepartmentSource Company Internal Documents production Portfolio and Price ListProduct PackingUnit/CtnRetailer Margin work PriceConsumer Price1.UHT MilkCtnsUnitsCtnsUnits1000ml126.09%101884.83108090200ml244.35%39116.2940817250ml275.97%58621.7621232.Chai mixCtnsUnitsCtnsUnits250ml276.38%53319.7456721200ml245.97%38516.04408173.ButterKGsUnitsKGsUnits200gm308.00%46392.6500100100gm6012.70%48848.85505550gm12013.20%53026.56003020gm30013.20%53010.66001210gm60013.20%5305.360061Kg white2011.80%850042595004754.CheeseCtnsUnitsCtnsUnits200gm cottage429.10%69301657560one hundred eighty200gm slice3616.10%55801556480180225gm chedder4014.90%59201486800170225gm spicy4014.90%59201486800170225gm mozarella4014.60%6980174.58000200450gm chedder2013.40%68803 447800390450gm mozarella2013.60%8800440100005001.8Kg mozarella413.10%51281282580014501Kg slice813.60%507263457607201Kg slice (KFC)813.60%507263457607202Kg Chedder412.10%3924981440011005.CreamP/TrayUnitsP/TrayUnits250ml274.20%120044.44125046.36.Pasteurized milkP/TrayLitersP/TrayLiters1000ml1011.70%6006067067500ml2013.30%60030680347.Flavored milkCtnsUnitsCtnsUnits250ml1213.30%23319.4226422200ml1212.10%21417.83240208.Pure juicesCtnsUnitsCtnsUnitsApple 1000ml126.10%7926684070Guava 1000ml126.10%7926684070Orange 1000ml127.10%8407090075Pineapple 1000ml126.10%7926684070Mango 1000ml126.10%7926684070Apple 200ml2411.80%32213.4236015Orange 200ml2411.80%32213.4236015Mango 200ml2415.40%31213360159.Yogo yogoCtnsUnitsCtnsUnits200ml128.70%276233002510.Desi GheeCtnsUnitsCtnsUnits1Kg67.50%2232372240040011.Jams1.5KgUnits1.5KgUnits strawberry 15gm60014.30%3853.854404.4Apple 15gm60014.30%3853.854404.4Marmalade 15gm60014.30%3853.854404.4Honey 15gm60014.30%3853.854404.412.Dairy Rozana1.5KgUnits1.5KgUnits10 00ml126.12%73561.2578065250ml276.11%45816.964861813.JALWACtnsUnitsCtnsUnits250ml276.21%48317.8951319200ml245.88%34014.1736015Source Company Internal DocumentsMarketing rumple of Nurpur UHT milkNurpur UHT milk has been positioned as a milk which is enriched with vitamins needed for healthy growth and development (Khan, 2012). The milk is packed in Tetra Aseptic Packaging which allows long lasting storage and shelf space. Currently three SKUs are available in the market which are 200ml, 250ml and 1000ml. Initially the pricing policy adopted for Nurpur milk was market penetration pricing, which means prices were low compared to competing brands. Recently the pricing policy has been changed and now the pricing policy is competitive pricing policy as shown -Product PackingUnit/CtnRetailer MarginTrade PriceConsumer Price1.UHT MILKCtnsUnitsCtnsUnits1000ml126.09%101884.83108090200ml244.35%39116.2940817250ml275.97%58621.762123Source Company Internal DocumentsDue to low volumes produced the company has adopted the policy of selective distribution. The company offers various discounts to retailers to push their products into the market (Khan, 2012). The indirect distribution expect being used is shown below-Source Company Internal DocumentsDue to limited marketing budgets, the marketing department has to promote most of the products through on a lower floor The Line(BTL) activitie